AIKIDO "The Beginners Guide"

supey menulis:

Arrival at the Dojo
Please be punctual. Enter the dojo (the practice location) and be on the tatami (mat surface) at least five minutes before the class starts and meditate until the sensei (instructor) begins the class. When you come earlier, do warm-up exercises and practice by yourself or with other practitioners. If you happen to be late, do your warm-up exercises off the tatami and then obtain permission to step on the tatami from the Sensei.
(Lateness, occasional or stemming from special commitments (work for instance), is acceptable. However, lateness caused by poor planning or lack of consciousness is an indication of a disorderly mind and unless corrected will slow down one’s learning and progress in Aikido).

About Rei
Aikido is more than a sport, it teaches a way of life. As such it commands our appreciation and respect. This appreciation and respect is owed to O'Sensei ( the founder of Aikido), the dojo (the place of the way), the sensei and the other practitioners. Rei means "appreciation and respect" and the manner by which it is expressed.

Rei in the Dojo
Upon entering the dojo, bare your head and do a standing bow towards the Kamiza (shrine): face the Kamiza arms held by the side of the body and bend the torso to a 30 to 45 degrees angle.
At all times while in the dojo but not on the tatami, it is necessary to wear zori (sandals). They are kept on shelves at the dojo entrance. They should be put on upon entering the dojo and neatly left at the side of the tatami during the practice. Care of one's zori is a good sign of one's discipline.

Rei on the Tatami
Upon stepping onto the tatami, kneel down in seiza (sitting on the heels with the back straight) and bow to the Kamiza by bending the torso down to an horizontal position while lowering both hands in front of the knees. Your back should stay very straight and the position be very stable. This bow is also required whenever you leave the Tatami temporarily or definitively. In either case authorization to leave the Tatami before the end of the practice must be obtained from the Sensei.

Rei to O'Sensei
The spirit of the founder is always present in the dojo through his legacy. That is why we express our gratitude and respect with a kneeling bow to the Kamiza at the beginning and end of each class. If you are late, bow on your own to O'Sensei before joining the class.

Rei to the sensei
At the beginning and end of a class, immediately after bowing to O'Sensei. The sensei and the practitioners bow to each other. During the class, do a kneeling bow to the sensei whenever he gives you personal attention. Note also that during a class the instructor is addressed as "Sensei" and not by his personal name.
When one bows to the Sensei, at the beginning of the class, tradition is that one says "Onegai shimasu" ("please do me a favour and practice with me") whereas at the end of the class, one says "Domo arigato gozai mashita" ("thank you very much")).

Rei to partners
Your partner is the mirror of yourself. Ignoring his individuality and self-esteem is against the spirit of aikido. Your partner is not someone you compete against, but a person to train and improve with. Helping your partner is helping yourself.
At the beginning and end of each movement, practitioners bow to each other (in seiza) to eliminate all trace of aggressiveness. Normally one changes partner for each technique.
Senior practitioners are precious helpers for you. Regardless of age, sex and social status, they deserve your respect. Listen to them sincerely and follow their directions during practice.
On the other hand, senior students should not take advantage of their position. They should remain humble and sincere, both in attitude and behavior, and to try to be good role model for beginning practitioners.

Rei to weapons
Aikido training sometimes involves usage of weapons: the bokken (wooden sword), the jo (a 3 to 4 feet wooden stick), and the tanto (wooden knife). When used they are a prolongation of yourself and help improve your aikido. As such they deserve respect and are bowed to before and after their usage: while standing hold the weapon with both hands at eye level the blade toward you with the tip to your left (except for the jo which has neither) and bow to the Kamiza. They should not be thrown, stepped on or over.

General manners
While you practice, always be alert. Careless practice causes accidents and make no improvement in one's Aikido. Do not waste both yours as well as your partner's time in unnecessary talking during practice. Keep the conversation minimal at all times.
Do not hesitate to let your partner and the Sensei know when you cannot continue practice because of sickness, injuries, or genuine tiredness. When only a short rest is necessary, go quietly to the corner after bowing to your partner and the Sensei, and watch the class. If you feel sick, and still want to practice, see the Sensei and ask permission. Your body belongs to nobody else but you, take good care of it and prevent injuries.
Wash your dogi (the uniform worn during practice) regularly, ideally after every class. You may leave it at the dojo as long as it is clearly identified and left at the appropriate places. Do not use the hooks provided to hang your clothes when you change: there are barely enough as it is without using them for dogi storage.
Keep your toe and finger nails short and filed at all times. Never wear jewelry at any time on the tatami. This will help prevent accidents to both yourself and your partner. Relieve yourself before class. If you sweat a lot keep an handkerchief or an hand towel in your dogi. Do not drink during class.
Please mark the appropriate box on the attendance list for each of your practice days. If your name does not appear on the list, just add it in one of the provided blank lines. The number of practice days since your last successful test (or your training start) is kept with the list of students on the board.
The dojo where we practice belongs to the membership of Aikido de la Montagne. Each and every member share the responsibility of keeping the dojo clean at all time and should enjoy it. Cleanup is done after each practice. Do not wait to be directed, but show initiative and do whatever is necessary to assure that the facility is clean. If you have any question, ask the Sensei or any advanced student, They will cheerfully answer.
Those not on the tatami during a class should have the tactfulness of keeping their voice low to avoid disturbing those who practice. This is especially critical when there are more persons outside the tatami than on it; for instance when people are waiting for a class to finish to go on the tatami. In any case silence is mandatory when participants are bowing.
By keeping in mind that the dojo's main goal is Aikido training, it becomes easy to adopt the proper attitude that one should have when in the dojo.

Terminology
Counting
1. Ichi 2. Ni 3. San 4. Shi (Yon) 5. Go
6. Roku 7. Shishi (Nana) 8. Hachi 9. Ku (Kyu) 10. Ju

Clothing and equipment
Dojo                            practice place.
Kamiza                       shrine.
Tatami                       practice mat.
Gi                               uniform.
Obi                             belt.
Shiro obi                    white belt or a practitioner with a belt. (In Aikido there is usually only white and black belts).
Zori                            sandals.
Bokken                      wooden sword.
Jo                               wooden stick.
Tanto                        wooden knife.

Manner
Rei                             bowing; literally "appreciation and respect".

Roles
O'Sensei                    the founder of Aikido.
Sensei                        the instructor.
Nage                          the person who does the technique.
Uke                            the person who receives the technique.

Posture
Ai hanmi                   partners face each other, each with the right or the left foot forward (right/right or left/left).
Gyaku hanmi           partners face each other, one with the right foot forward the other with the left foot, or vice-versa (right/left or left/right).
Maai                          proper distance between the two partners facing each other.
Seiza                          kneeling position, sitting on the heels with back straight.
Falls (Ukemi)
Koho kaiten              back roll.
Zempo kaiten          forward roll.
Warm up (Jumbe undo)
Haishin undo           final back stretch.

Category of movements
Tachi waza = standing technique.
Hanmi hantachi waza = technique done with uke standing and nage sitting.
Suwari waza = sitting technique.
Omote waza = entering movement in front of uke, considered positive.
Ura waza = entering movement behind uke, considered negative.
Soto kaiten = outside turning movement.
Uchi kaiten = inside turning movement
Irimi = entering movement going toward uke.
Tenkan = turning movement.
Tenshin = nage steps back.

Attacks
Katate dori = one hand grasp of a wrist.
Ryote dori = two wrists grasp from the front (one hand per wrist).
Morote dori = two hand grasp of a wrist.
Kata dori = shoulder grasp.
Ryokata dori = two shoulders grasp.
Ushiro tekubi dori = two wrists grasp from behind.
Ushiro ryokata dori = two shoulders grasp from behind.
Shomen uchi = descending strike to the top of the head.
Yokomen uchi = sideways strike to the head.
Tsuki = thrust punch.

Techniques
Ikkyo = arm pin.
Nikkyo = wrist control by turning it in.
Sankyo = wrist control by twisting it.
Irimi  nage = entering throw.
Shiho nage = four corners throw.
Tenshi nage = heaven (ten) and earth (shi) throw.
Kote gaeshi = throwing by turning out uke's wrist.
Kaiten nage = throwing by pushing diagonally on one of uke's arm while maintaining down his head.
Kokyu ho = breathing exercise.